Organizational Training and Development; Core Values in McDonalds USA Essay

Authoritative Training and Development; Core Values in McDonalds USA - Essay Example The workers who are enlisted are of high respectability and are consistently prepared to follow the code of morals of the association in this way making it feasible for the organization to be positioned in position five. The preparation capacities bolster the hierarchical systems. For instance, through preparing, the employee’s execution is improved along these lines the McDonald’s USA, LLC business objectives are accomplished. Time and cash which are constrained assets must be successfully apportioned so preparing is led in this manner targets and goal of the organization are accomplished. Since issues in the McDonald’s USA, LLC are unusual, preparing is led when the need emerges and this is done past study halls, rather, work understanding and electronic preparing is led (Noe 2013). The utilization of professional training and electronic preparing helps McDonald’s USA, LLC to take care of issues rapidly. Using information based, McDonald’s use coaching programs, talk rooms, and professional training to ensure that the organization prevails in its strategic approaches. Since McDonald’s USA, LLC Company doesn't utilize study hall method of preparing, similar to its rivals, it has accomplished a serious situation in the business. Or maybe McDonald’s USA, LLC as a rule use information created through professional training. Cooperations in the organization are permitted where one can accumulate data starting with one division then onto the next between the workers along these lines making it inconceivable for different organizations to impersonate McDonald’s procedures. The utilization of information created through professional training and associations between the representatives give an upper hand of the organization where it makes it inconceivable for different organizations to mirror in this way staying in the market for an extensive stretch without solid contenders.

Gambling Legalization Essay Example for Free

Betting Legalization Essay Betting is the demonstration of playing for stakes in the expectation of winning (counting the installment of a cost for an opportunity to win a prize). (Oxford word reference) Many have their own suppositions about betting and as of now betting isn't legitimately polished here in The Bahamas. â€Å"Such a move would stop an unlawful industry that makes a huge number of dollars a year and which utilizes hundreds; however which contributes little to the general great of the Bahamian individuals. † (The Bahama Journal 2008). There are numerous parts of betting that can to be sure be viewed emphatically. â€Å"Gambling comes in numerous structures, remembering wagering for club, circuits, games, lotteries, bingo games and even virtual betting on the Internet† (Oddo 2007) Gambling ought to without a doubt be authorized, in light of the fact that it will support our economy and society from multiple points of view. In the event that betting is drilled it’ll give people with inactive time on their hands, something to do and it can likewise support our travel industry. The legitimization of betting here in The Bahamas will prompt an expansion in the Bahamas’ Gross household Product (GDP), an increment in business, lastly it can add to our media outlet. The legitimization of betting would be of grave advantage for our Government as it identifies with the Gross Domestic Product In an article titled ‘Legalizing betting in The Bahamas’ composed by Craig Butler his contention for betting was that the Prime Minister Rt. Respectable Hubert Ingraham ought to uphold betting and put a free organization of reviewers to direct this new turn of events. â€Å"If betting is to be authorized then he should make the framework be set up that will maintain a strategic distance from the inescapable endeavors at altering and control by brilliant people. † (Butler 2008). When this happens the Government will have the option to actualize a burdening framework with our own inward income administration (IRS) so a specific level of the cash I. e. twenty five percent will go to the Government in result more cash would be spent on progressively capital products, which means more school’s will be assembled and more work foundation on our streets will be completed. In America, Statistics show that roughly 92. 27 billion dollars originates from betting on a yearly premise. In the event that this equivalent situation would concern us here in The Bahamas that will imply that betting would be helpful for our income and money area. Some accept that authorizing betting would just permit the Government a free portion of the cash, and that offer may be spent on their own needs. They will utilize this cash to buy more vehicles for them to be chauffeured around in, to have more ‘business’ suppers for themselves, and to go through on multi day trips all around the globe and the economy won’t feel a dime of it. They are incompletely right in light of the fact that a great many people are utilized to lawmakers being casted a ballot in the House of Assembly and never coming around to visit their constituents, in this manner they do not have the trust in accepting that the Government will convey once they begin to get the level of rewards. In any case, they are misinformed in light of the fact that the Government gauges a specific level of cash to go into capital merchandise each year during the financial plan and the typical rate that is saved for training and human services can rise and can be utilize all the more essentially. â€Å"But the authorization of this propensity won't prompt an exponential ascent in the quantity of card sharks. It will, in any case, permit government to support programs that can positively affect our childhood, for example, public venues, sports and training offices. † (Butler 2008) Mr. Head servant makes it obviously clear in his investigation in the Bahama intellectual that if the Government had the additional finances they would utilize it shrewdly. For instance, there’s now a framework set up by National Insurance for the jobless. The joblessness advantage pays 100 dollars per week to those jobless and if the Government gets more cash this can to go up. Bahamians will get burdened as well as outsiders also. Thusly the entirety of the outsiders that are here now utilizing our club and returning with all the fixings, would need to leave that twenty five percent charge expense for the administration. Legitimizing betting would likewise prompt a decline in the joblessness rate. In an article entitled ‘Gambling Entertainment’, it expresses that â€Å"The enormous level of work gave by the Gambling business, including the land based club just as the Online gambling clubs, puts betting industry on the highest point of society graph straight away. † Having betting authorized would consequently imply that work will increment. At present Gambling is in the ‘underground economy’ mark with regards to ascertaining the joblessness rate. Since it’s illicit specialists are viewed as utilized, anyway lawfully they’re considered jobless with regards to the joblessness rate. In an article composed by Olivia Saunders, Saunders represented the joblessness rate in an outline that indicated a joblessness pace of 7. 8 percent. Out of this 7. 8 percent tally are the individuals that are now by and by working for number houses, in the event that we authorize betting that rate would naturally diminish. Many are persuade that sanctioning betting won’t decline the joblessness rate, in light of the fact that there are as of now a considerable measure of lottery houses opened as of now and there are as yet numerous jobless, it’s incomprehensible for this to support our jobless, and regardless of whether it does, it won’t totally deal with the issue. They are mostly right on the grounds that legitimizing betting won’t lead to a total decrease in the joblessness rate, and it won’t have the option to utilize everybody without an occupation, anyway they are misinformed in light of the fact that it will help hugely. Authorizing betting implies that more lotto shops will have the option to open, in Nassau as well as on the family islands which will pull in more visitors. In this manner they’ll need more staff, this will likewise prompt more gambling clubs and more individuals will be employed in various angles. For instance they’ll need cleaners, clerks, car and masters. The genuine truth is there are a wide range of viewpoints in our economy that adds to the joblessness rate both expanding and diminishing and this rate can never be consistent. Anyway once betting is legitimized and there are more scenes opened then it’s a need to recruit individuals to work in them, and these individuals will at that point check towards the joblessness rate and it’ll then lessening. At long last the authorization of betting can be utilized as a game and a type of amusement. The main type of betting isn't buying numbers from the lotto shops as certain Bahamians are caught unaware to accepting, anyway it is additionally a game. There was before a pony dashing scene that was utilized as a game here in 1976 however needed to leave since betting wasn’t lawful. Sanctioning betting would permit this type of amusement to by and by be drilled. In a diary named ‘Gambling The expense of our future,’ it shows that ‘Those who take part in betting exercises do so willfully and, consequently, get characteristic advantages from their utilization. Besides, if shoppers are betting for diversion purposes, they are buying betting similarly as they would buy tickets for the film or an orchestra. † (Basham, White). This announcement raises an attentive contention since betting is to be sure a hazard anyway this hazard is on a similar degree of purchasing a film ticket and you’re not certain if the film will play or an ensemble and you’re not certain if you’ll appreciate it. Adversaries accept that having betting as sports can just prompt progressively money related issues for a shaky budgetary home. They may contend that betting is an addictive game and a few families aren’t prepared for the strain that this compulsion involves, and a few people might be eager to successfully fulfill this fixation like submit theft. Betting enslavement is additionally alluded to as habitual betting or obsessive betting. Clinical Author Roxanne Dryden-Edwards raise an important point in her article ‘Gambling Addiction’ expressing that â€Å"The number of individuals who bet socially fit the bill for being determined to have a betting habit go from 2%-5%, in this manner influencing a great many individuals in the United States alone. † (Dryden-Edwards) Some may discuss that If The Bahamas populace is just 316,000 contrasted with the United States, at that point our rate will be progressively unsafe if betting is practice. However, they are misinformed in light of the fact that this amusement and game may not be addictive yet generally fun and energizing and a decent family occasion for generally, despite the fact that there might be some rotten ones the experts may exceed the cons. The genuine truth is that nearly all that we do as a type of gaming exercise is pleasurable and having more open doors will make betting progressively charming. The Government can likewise actualize a framework with the goal that players that build up the dependence can be completely dealt with and get mental assistance called Gamblers Anonymous’ (GA). As indicated by the 12 stage recuperation program measurements â€Å"Of those in their fourth month of AA meeting participation (I. e. have remained past 90-days) 56% will at present be going to AA toward the finish of that year. † (Holding all others consistent if this framework is polished here with addicts treatment will be helpful. All in all, betting can add to our economy altogether. Many feel as if betting will cause more damage than anything else, be that as it may if it’s rehearsed accurately and everybody stand to the laws that would be set up, betting will be something other than a simple method to win a considerable measure of cash itâ?

Tennessee Valley Authority

Tennessee Valley Authority Introduction Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), independent U.S. government corporate agency, created in 1933 by act of Congress; it is responsible for the integrated development of the Tennessee River basin. The history of TVA began in the early 1920s, when Senator George William Norris sponsored a plan to have the government take over and operate Wilson Dam and other installations that had been built by the government for national defense purposes during World War I at Muscle Shoals, Alabama. However, legislation to this effect was vetoed in 1928 and in 1931 by Presidents Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover. The 1933 TVA Act, redrafted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, went far beyond the earlier proposals and launched the federal government into a vast scheme of regional planning and developmentâ€"an undertaking that became the model for similar river projects. The establishment of the TVA marked the first time that an agency was directed to address the total resource develo pment needs of a major region. TVA was instructed to take on the problems presented by devastating floods, badly eroded lands, a deficient economy, and a steady outmigrationâ€"all in one unified development effort. The act provided for the integrated development of the whole Tennessee River basin, an area of about 41,000 sq mi (106,200 sq km) that covers parts of seven states. The TVA is governed by a three-person board of directors. The fact that its main offices are located in the region, rather than in Washington, D.C., allows the TVA to maintain a close working relationship with the people of the region. Sections in this article: Introduction Facets and Activities of the TVA Financing the TVA The TVA Today Bibliography The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Government

The True Meaning Of Friendship - 1691 Words

Yevgeniy Mesnyankin Friendship, a term vaguely defined, however, the true meaning lies within each individual through experiences. Friendship seems to be sort of a necessity in our existence as Aristotle compels that â€Å"A human being is by nature a social being† (Nicomachean Ethics (1097b12-13)). What Aristotle also noted is that there are three types or as he called them species of friendship which are complete friendships and incomplete friendships such as friendships of pleasure, friendships of utility. Aristotle could not be more right, as we definitely witness this in our everyday lives, with â€Å"friends† coming and going, and then there are some, a very few of them, that stay. Those that do stay are the prime example of a complete friendship, those are the individuals that will be there for you in both, good and bad time. Those that don’t, termed more of an â€Å"acquaintances† than friends, are there whenever you either want or need them. Arist otle was nothing short of brilliance in describing how friendship truly works. Philia, coined friendship in Greek but on a much broader terms, describes all of the social relationships. Philia is essential in order for a human being to live a eudemonic life, the â€Å"happy life†. And as Aristotle contended in his Nicomachean Ethics, â€Å"Friendship is an absolute necessity in life...Nobody would choose chose to live without friends, even if she had all other good things: Even the most excellent and successful person needsShow MoreRelatedFriendship Is The True Meaning Of It894 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship, something that we all have but something that we may not really understand the true meaning of it. During the reading Thoreau goes into detail of how friends are really not what we think them to be. We often don’t actually have friends but rather just acquaintances or companions. He goes on to explain who are real friends are and why they are our friends and that no one else really is. Thoreau states, â€Å"What is commonly called friendship even is only a little more honor among rogues†Read MoreWhat Is the Meaning of True Friendship?937 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship. What is the meaning of a true friendship? Who is that one true friend or friends? Whether it is a person’s pet, spouse, or sisters, friendship is that special bond between two or more individuals that share a mutual affection. While there is no limit on how, where, or even what the friendship is form or function, friends make everyone happy; most of the time. Sometimes it is hard to find that one person who a person can form a friendship with, however Harry Potter, Hermione Granger, andRead MoreFriendship Essay : Compare And Meaning Of True Friendship718 Words   |  3 Pagesby, but a few will remain the same. The friends that change are usually the ones who have wronged us and the friends that stay the same are the ones who are true. True friendship lasts, false friendship fades. Friendship is shared between two people or a group of people that trust, support, care and are comfortable with each other (Friendship). Everyone wants to be a friend and have a friend because of the feelings it gives him or her. It makes them feel like they belong somewhere, like they haveRead MoreRelationship Between Friendship And Friendship985 Words   |  4 Pages We hear the word â€Å"friendship† being tossed around daily, between family, friends, social media, etc. People just say the word without thinking what it really refers to, but does everyone really understand what the word â€Å"friendship† means? People believe that the word â€Å"friendship† is just used to describe a friend or a bigger group of friends, but in reality it actually means a lot more. I believe that it is important to know what the word â€Å"friendship† really means. Not everyone is going to haveRead MoreThe Friendship By Albert Camus1231 Words   |  5 Pagesothers are j ust made of affection and belongingness with another people. Friendship is also one of those relationships. It does not matter it is a blood relation, but this bond is made of true feelings between them. Sometimes even precious friendships are broken for many reasons, few times there are misunderstandings about the meaning of friendship. Also, it is broken other times for some genuine reasons and breakup the friendship. The famous author Albert Camus quoted Don t walk behind me; I may notRead More Ciceros De Amicitia Essays1263 Words   |  6 Pagesunique perspective to the topic of friendship and how it relates to death. The word amicitia comes from the Latin root word amor which is translated to mean â€Å"love†. In this day and age the word friendship has taken on a slightly different meaning from the ancient meaning. Cicero’s De Amicitia seeks to define what friendship is, its characteristics and principles. He has challenged us to reconsider what constitutes a tr ue friend. Upon observing a typical friendship it becomes clear to us that thisRead MoreAnalysis of Ciceros Laelius de Amicitia1267 Words   |  6 Pagesunique perspective to the topic of friendship and how it relates to death. The word amicitia comes from the Latin root word amor which is translated to mean love. In this day and age the word friendship has taken on a slightly different meaning from the ancient meaning. Cicero s De Amicitia seeks to define what friendship is, its characteristics and principles. He has challenged us to reconsider what constitutes a true friend. Upon observing a typical friendship it becomes clear to us that thisRead MoreEssay on Charlie Gordon in Flowers for Algernon by Daniel Keye625 Words   |  3 Pagesof his journey although his IQ is low he is a more complete person. He learns the true meaning of friendship and demonstrates intellectual growth as a person by overcoming obstacles and understanding various lessons. Friendship consists of expectations, perceptions and the importance of it. Gimpy, Frank and Joe (his so called friends) are the ideal people in the novel to observe in the perception of friendship. Before the surgery took place these men were his best friends. He loved workingRead MoreThe True Meaning of Life Essay716 Words   |  3 Pagesreaders about valuable lessons of friendship, demonstrates how to deal with difficult situations and understand the true meaning of life. It is a novel that should be read by everyone, including the incoming freshman class. Tuesdays with Morrie is a true story about a young man Mitch, and his college professor Morrie. One of the main topics portrayed through out the novel is friendship. Mitch befriends Morrie while he is attending college, and they developed a true camaraderie, both loving and supportiveRead MoreDavid Whytes Consolations : Literary Analysis1678 Words   |  7 PagesFrom humanity comes friendship, but friendship may not be as one-dimensional and simplistic as the common person believes it to be- it may not stop at the surface level. In David Whyte’s book, Consolations: The Solace, Nourishment and Underlying Meaning of Everyday Words, he writes on friendship, exposing the true facets of an authentic friendship that oftentimes are overlooked by many people. In Whyte’s opinion, friendship is an eternal experience, or at least an experience in which people take

The American Of American Counseling Association - 967 Words

Teacher, counselor, administrator and other educational personnel organizations are in place to help those in education with a wide variety of circumstances. Some organizations have been in existence for over a hundred years, some have thousands of members and others are unique in the membership and partnerships. Since I will be a future counselor soon, I have chosen to research the American Counseling Association. The American Counseling Association is unique in its creation because four separate entities came together with aspirations of providing a stronger platform for its members. These four groups came together in 1952 and were first called The American Personnel and Guidance Association. It went through another name change in 1983 and once again in 1992 in which it was finally called what it is today, the American Counseling Association. They believe that their new name would help establish their principles, show comradery among its members and let others know who they are. It s headquarters are located near Washington D.C. in Virginia, and have members in over 50 countries. It has an extensive base, including 18 sectors and over 56 subdivisions, along with other partnership to further help the organization and its clientele. They have over 56,000 members are is the largest organization for professional counselors, Like most organization, ACA has a mission to its members in order to meet the needs of the member’s clients that they work with. The Mission of ACA is,Show MoreRelatedAmerican Counseling Association For Counseling Professionals Essay810 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Counseling Association The American Counseling Association (ACA) is the most sizeable worldwide association for counseling professionals (American Counseling Association., n.d.). The American Counseling Association (ACA) is a nonprofit organization (American Counseling Association., n.d.). The American Counseling Association (ACA) is based out of Alexandria, VA (American Counseling Association., n.d.). It was founded in 1952, by the convergence of four different associations in LosRead MoreThe American Counseling Association ( Aca ) Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Counseling Association (ACA) developed the code of ethics with six principles in mind that they thought were the foundation for ethical behavior and decision making: autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, fidelity and veracity (American Counseling Association, 2014). This lead to the six different purposes for the code of ethics. First, it sets ethical obligations and ethical guidance for professional counselors (American C ounseling Association, 2014). Second, it recognizesRead MoreEvaluation Of The American Counseling Association836 Words   |  4 PagesSelf- Evaluation The American Counseling Association (2014) defines counseling as a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals to meet their goals in various areas of their life. I view counseling as a ministry that is designed to help individuals acquire the skills necessary to deal with life experiences and foster positive relationships, and establish and complete goals. According to Flanagan Flanagan (2014), establishing a positive rapport is essential before developing assessmentsRead MoreEthics Of The American Counseling Association880 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the American Counseling Association (ACA, 2014) Code of Ethics, ethical principles are based on a set of values that include autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, fidelity, and veracity. These ethics apply to all types of counseling including both group and individual therapy; however, different aspects of these ethical guidelines must be considered based on the therapeutic approach. This paper will identify several of these ethical issues as they relate specifically to groupRead MoreThe American Counseling Association ( ACA ) Website1459 Words   |  6 PagesTThe American Counseling Association (ACA) website is a very resourceful website especially for new counselors. It consists of various items from informing an individual of the benefits of being a member of ACA to allowing members to access the ACA’s code of ethics for reference at any point (cite). From the abundance of information given on the website, five sections caught my attention. All five seemed very helpful for a new counselor or for those in the process of becoming a new counselor. TheRead MoreThe Codes Of Ethics Of The American Counseling Association1667 Words   |  7 PagesContent Comparison Professional associations establish codes of ethics to ensure that clinicians uphold the standards of their association in order to protect the clients they serve and the profession they are affiliated with. This paper will compare the codes of ethics of the American Counseling Association (ACA), American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT), and National Association of Social Workers (NASW). ACA Code of Ethics The ACA is an educational, scientific, and professionalRead MoreThe American Counseling Association Code Of Ethics787 Words   |  4 PagesFrom a Christian perspective, American culture is full of misleading ideas that undoubtedly derive from contentiously evil principles yet find voluminous supporters who continue to promote such exploits. Integrating the belief systems of Biblical principles and secular approaches has been a critical debate for years within American culture and continues to polarize with the changing healthcare laws permitting abortions, supreme courts legalizing gay marriage, the elimination of prayer from publicRead MoreAmerican Counseling Association : Professional Counselors Essay2167 Words   |  9 PagesThe Mission According to the American Counseling Association (ACA) website the organization’s mission is to help society by offering well trained professional counselors. In the process, assisting counselors develop into the contingent professional’s in which society can depend upon, at the same time stimulating human self-worth and diversity. When counselors are trained in graduate school the aspects that goes into becoming a professional counselor, is they equipped with a vast amount of knowledgeRead MoreThe American Counseling Association Code Of Ethics1318 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract This paper is a response to a video discussing the issues of confidentiality, privilege, reporting, and duty to warn. This paper looks at these issues and their explanations in the American Counseling Association Code of Ethics as well as the Georgia State Board of Professional Counselor’s ethical guidelines and provides a commentary on the laws. It was found that these issues are not always black and white, but there is some debate on these issues. Confidentiality is both an ethicalRead MoreThe American School Counseling Association ( Asca )1098 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough the American School Counseling Association (ASCA) (2104) outlines suitable roles, school counselors often still spend a lot of their time balancing various job roles. Some of the responsibilities school counselors have consists of assisting students, working with parents, and doing administrative tasks.  The many roles tackled bring speculation surrounding the stress levels experienced by school cou nselors. Previous studies have been conducted that investigated the relationship of various

Living Facades Can Be Grown Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

The existent construction of populating frontages varies between providers, with a battalion of different patented systems out at that place. However, there are three chief structural systems that most living frontages will adhere to, each with their ain advantages and disadvantages. Modular Panel System Panels of pre-planted flora are fitted on to a support system that provides construction and a mechanical lacrimation system. We will write a custom essay sample on Living Facades Can Be Grown Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pre-planting means that an instant green consequence can be achieved upon completion. Composition of the faculties will change depending on the demands of the flora, but will necessitate to incorporate foods and stuff for the roots to keep. Soil can be used, but due to its weight it can merely realistically be of usage for little graduated table walls. ( see figure 1 ) Man-made Felt Pioneered by Patrick Blanc, this system uses man-made felt as a base for the flora, with H2O and foods provided automatically. A metal frame is used for the construction, with a 10mm PVC bed riveted to it and the felt stapled to this. The metal frame allows the construction to be attached to a frontage leting an air spread between the two beds which prevents flora from impacting the edifice structurally while helping the thermal and acoustic belongingss of the frontage. The PVC bed prevents wet get awaying and provides rigidness to the full construction. The polymeric amide felt layer consists of two overlapping sheets with assorted pockets that secure the workss. The pick of stuff is determined by its opposition to decompose and a high capillary action leting H2O and foods to be distributed good. This frontage has the benefit of merely weighing 30kg per meter squared. ( see figure 1 ) Container and Trellis A series of containers house the workss with trellis mediate, leting the flora to mount and make an uninterrupted face of flora. Water and foods can once more provided automatically with either a man-made or dirt based turning medium. ( see figure 1 ) ( Figure 1. Different Populating Facade Structures, 2008 ) Positive Effectss The bulk of the positive effects of life frontages are environmental, although aesthetic, societal and economic benefits can besides be identified. Air Quality It has long been recognised that indoor workss can assist better the air quality in offices and an internal life wall can supply a similar consequence and assist rejuvenate ‘sick ‘ edifices. The workss absorb C dioxide and other particulates sublimating the air. The external air quality can besides be improved by a life frontage as it is able to absorb the C dioxide and pollutants from traffic. It has been shown that a life frontage can hold a major impact on the degrees of Nitrogen Dioxide ( NO2 ) and particulate affair ( PM ) in urban countries in which there are street canons ( tallness of edifices exceeds distance between them ) . The street canons cause the air to twirl and purl around the flora enabling increased degrees of atoms to be absorbed. A survey carried out by Lancaster University found a decrease in street flat concentrations of up to 40 % for NO2 and 60 % for particulate affair. With NO2 and particulate affair doing up a big measure of air pollutants, a decrease in concentrations of this magnitude would hold a positive consequence on air pollution in urban countries. Thermal Performance The thermic effects of life frontages are really similar to those of green roofs. Internet Explorer, decrease in surface temperatures due to shadowing from flora, evapotranspiration and increased thermic mass can take to: a ice chest internal clime a decrease in urban heat island consequence However, surveies have shown that populating frontages may be more effectual than green roofs in these countries. Building Performance The surface temperatures and hence the internal temperature of edifices can be affected in many ways by the presence of life walls and flora: The flora shades the solid wall behind it, forestalling solar additions. Vegetation absorbs radiation hence cut downing contemplation. The increased thermic mass of the flora and infrastructure reduces flow of temperature through the edifice tegument: ice chest inside in summer and heater in winter. Transpiration: the consequence of H2O loss from flora by vaporization. Heat is carried off in the signifier of H2O vapor. Protection from cold air currents A 2010 survey by the National University of Singapore found that the surface temperature of life walls was significantly reduced compared to a concrete control wall, with decreases of 6 to 10 grades recorded. Analysis of the consequences concluded that shadowing and transpiration seemed to be the chief subscribers to this lessening. In another survey at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, decreases in both external and internal wall temperatures were found when a concrete wall was clad with vegetated facing. Urban Heat Islands An Urban Heat Island is the localized addition of temperature in urban Centres as opposed to environing rural countries due to a profuseness of heat retaining surfaces. It is thought that the decrease in surface temperatures due to populating frontages could assist cut down the temperatures in urban countries. A computing machine theoretical account based analysis at the University of Cardiff found a important decrease of the temperature in urban canons when the edifice envelopes are to the full ‘greened ‘ . A similar decision was reached in a survey by the University of Manchester, who found that an addition in green screen of 10 % in urban countries could take to a decrease in maximal temperatures. Biodiversity It is thought that populating frontages may lend to an addition in biodiversity in urban countries by supplying a home ground for insects and birds. Although specific proving on the biodiversity of life frontages has non yet been exhaustively undertaken, there are illustrations of wildlife such as birds utilizing populating walls as their place. Any study would hold to admit the possible disadvantages of increased biodiversity on a edifices frontage. Acoustic Control Vegetation is widely used to cut down the noise degrees from busy roads or railroad lines and it is thought that populating walls may be used to command the acoustics of edifices. A survey at the National University of Singapore found that life walls had a higher sound soaking up coefficient than many regular edifice stuffs and that the noise decrease was besides important. However, the survey pointed out that these consequences varied greatly depending on the frequences used, types of works, per centum screen of wall and type of substrate. Further proving on existent edifices is needed to set up the true acoustic virtues of life frontages. Aestheticss Bing in consequence a perpendicular garden, the aesthetic qualities of a life frontage are obvious and there are many illustrations where the primary aim is aesthetic consequence. Some of the ocular benefits include: Rejuveinating bland frontages Softening of the urban landscape and leting edifices to look more ‘natural ‘ Changing aesthetics with season Light: softening and diffusion of visible radiation can heighten infinites ( when used in concurrence with glazing ) . Social The effects of flora in urban countries on well-being are good documented and surveies have found that people view verdure as really of import in these countries. Economic Although full cost analysis is yet to be done for a edifice with a life frontage, it is possible that populating frontages could hold a good economic impact on edifices. The countries these benefits could be found are: cut downing warming and air-conditioning costs added commercial value to the edifice increased productiveness Negative Aspects Lack of surveies and research into populating frontages means that the true benefits and negatives are yet to be discerned. Of the few surveies available, most are either computing machine theoretical accounts or proving is carried out in controlled environments. To genuinely understand the effects of life frontages, proving demands to be carried out long term on edifices. However, since the construct of life frontages is reasonably new, there is presently really small informations available and most living frontages are still reasonably immature. Populating walls can necessitate a high degree of care depending on the system chosen, and at that place have been documented jobs with: Root putrefaction Plants deceasing Need for paring Future/Incorporation with Sustainability There are many other countries of sustainability that populating walls have the possible to be integrated with. These thoughts are still at the experimental phase, but could practicably work: Integration with air purification and airing eg Queens University Biowall Vertical agriculture/farming: veggies or fruit could be grown on life walls and so harvested, increasing the surface countries available for agribusiness. Water re-use: since life walls rely on automatically supplied H2O, there is the chance to utilize rain H2O or gray H2O as this supply. The systems can be attached to a H2O butt. Code for Sustainable Homes and BREEAM Planing governments can see developments of populating walls as positive and they may even number towards local be aftering marks. Due to populating facade engineering being rather new, at present there are no specific mentions in the sustainable codification or BREEAM. However, populating walls may be able to lend towards other countries of the codification, assisting to gain credits. Sustainability Code/BREEAM: Combined with a rainwater crop armored combat vehicle – Wat /W01 Native species planted – Eco 2 ( ecological sweetening ) /LE05 If important country of belongings covered – Eco 4 ( alteration of eco value ) Possible betterment of thermic public presentation – Ene1 ( Brooding Emission Rate ) /E1 How to cite Living Facades Can Be Grown Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Limousine Service Company

This is a performance management framework of a Limousine service company which has just been started in Austin, TX. The company’s workforce comprises of 25 employees who are expected to steer it in achieving the targeted scales in the market. The company expects a 5% revenue growth for a couple of years to come.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Limousine Service Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An annual employee turnover rate of 10% is also another significant target which the company expects to achieve in the near future. Our business strategy alone will not enable us reach our targets, and therefore, there is need for more action to be applied through performance management. The company will have to incorporate a few management approaches that are essential for business success in its operations. Following is an overview of some of the key approaches that are appropriate for the business an d a summary of how each of them will be developed to give the desired results. Performance Management Framework This refers to a set of business practices that would tend to play a key role in helping organizations achieve their business goals in the market. These practices are crucial for business success, since they help to improve the management strategies applied by business organizations, thus enabling them to execute their roles better and more effectively (Ferreira Otley, 2009). As the foundational element of business success, performance management has become a common tool of success in modern-day business environment. Performance Management Framework refers to a comprehensive platform which is designed by an organization to serve as its guideline towards a successful execution of the performance management process. The development of a performance management framework is necessary for any business that needs to be successful in its operations. Through this platform, everyo ne who is part of the organizational structure of any company is empowered with everything that is needed to make a positive contribution towards the overall performance of the business. In order to be successful in our operations as a Car Service Company, we shall have to come up with a strong performance management framework that matches our organizational business strategy. Our main goal is to ensure that the targets we have set for the business are achieved within the shortest period possible.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, we expect $50,000 annual net revenue in the first year of our existence in the market and a 5% revenue growth for a couple of years, among other things. These targets may be difficulty to achieve within the projected timeframe, especially for a company such as ours which has just ventured the market. However, this obstacle can be e liminated through the development of a viable performance management framework that will enable effective management of operations across all sectors in the company. Our performance management framework will mainly constitute of management approaches that are likely to bring a significant impact in the contemporary business world. The model will feature both basic and integrated processes that fully define our business objectives and goals. More importantly, the model will be used to measure performance, analyze performance, review performance, and report performance, among other key aspects. The figure below is a simple illustration of how basic performance management processes can be used to improve business operations within the company. In order to achieve maximum benefits, the company will do everything possible to ensure that there is a perfect alignment and integration of key business processes with the performance management framework. Some of these processes include, but are not limited to, performance reporting, programme management, financial planning, staff or employee management, benefits or rewards, and risk management.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Limousine Service Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Integration of technological aspects in business has been a key aspect of success for many organizations nowadays. In this regard, we shall embrace the power of technology and apply it in our performance management practices to improve the overall corporate performance. This process would entail the use of modern technologies and state-of-the-art applications to enhance our performance management practices. By aligning these performance management practices to our organizational business strategies, we shall be able to analyze our progress and make good decisions that would eventually lead to improved business performance. The figure below illustrates some advanc ed performance management approaches that would be aligned to the business strategy in ensuring that projected business goals are successfully achieved. Organization Performance Philosophy Performance philosophy refers to a set of specific and attainable goals or objectives developed by organizations to serve as a basis for the business strategy. In order to register outstanding business results, we shall have to clarify our business strategy and try to align workable practices and systems to that specific strategy. There are certain things which matter a lot in business, and these are the things that come first when it comes to business performance management. These things are the fundamental principles of the business that should be followed by each and every person in the organization, ranging from the high-profile employees to the lowest-ranking people at the company (Giacalone Jurkiewicz, 2003). Following is a set of principles that define our performance philosophy.Advertisi ng Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The strategy of the organization is clear and understandable to every person who is a contributing factor to our business goals such as employees, shareholders, and customers. Employees are viewed as the greatest asset of the organization. In this regard, they should always be engaged in activities or practices aimed at improving their performance in business such as training, benefits or rewards, and recognition in work. With these rewarding engagements, the employees can play a key role in the running of our business, thus contributing towards its success in a significant manner. People should focus not only on what is important to accomplish, but what adds value to our business. The management task is constantly changed from supervising people in work and solving rising issues to defining the business strategy, offering useful resources, and establishing suitable working and business environments where people would feel satisfied. People, especially the workers govern themselves by being adherence to the spirit of commitment and existing principles instead of strict working policies. People within the organization are well organized into working teams that would be responsible for handling reasonable segments of work in the workplace. Work processes and systems are tailored to support the business strategy. Performance appraisals are better enough to achieve their main goal of improving individual and organizational performance as well as effectiveness in work. The business consistently registers better outcomes for itself and for the customers or clients. Job Analysis Process Job analysis or performance analysis is the process of observing certain aspects in an organization to determine in detail the type of interventions that are needed to make appropriate improvements in those areas. In this regard, information about certain aspects such as employee responsibilities and duties, skills, performance, conditions of work, and working environment will be ga thered on a regular basis to determine the most appropriate interventions that are needed for business improvement. More importantly, this analysis will also play a key role in preparing job specifications that would in turn help the organization absorb the right people in its workforce. Following is a job analysis process that would be used to identify the skills needed by the employees. Information Collection This is the initial stage of job analysis or employee analysis whereby relevant information is collected and analyzed to identify their strengths and weaknesses in business (Brown, 2002). Here, key information about the targeted persons is gathered using various methods such as questionnaires, observation, and interviews, among other approaches. Some of the common observation elements here will include things such as performance, customer or client satisfaction on services offered to them, employee enthusiasm in work, and turnover, among other aspects. Reviewing Background In formation Once all the information about employees has been collected, it is compared with previous information whereby the differences are noted down along with their possible determinants. Skills Assessment Once the collection of information and review of past performance has been done, it is time for the assessment process. Here, the targeted employees will be taken through a self-assessment to determine their skill levels in various performance areas. Developing Skills Description This is the final step of job or employee analysis whereby a final draft showing the employees and their skill levels is prepared based on the information gathered in the above steps. The personal qualities, knowledge, and skills needed by each employee to perform better in their work are summarized. Methods Used For Measuring Employee Skills Employee skills in business are measured and determined using a variety of methods as follows:- Productivity Tests Productivity tests are applied on a regular bas is to determine whether the workers do possess the skills needed to successfully meet certain business expectations. The primary test here is to determine how better employees can handle different assignments allocated to them in the workplace. In this case, workers’ strengths and weaknesses are identified using qualitative approaches, thus enabling the management to take the most appropriate interventions. Job rating checklist This is a method of performance appraisal whereby the evaluators are supplied with templates bearing statements or questions about specific aspects of skills or ability. In this case, the workers are needed to respond with either ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to answers that apply to their skills or abilities in work. Questionnaires The use of questionnaires is a common approach when it comes to employee skill testing. In this approach, questionnaires targeting the skills one possess in handling some aspects of performance in the workplace ar e prepared for the evaluators to give their feedback on a rating scale. The feedback acquired is then analyzed to determine the skill of the workers in those areas. Interviews These are one-on-one experiences between supervisors and their workers where the latter are interviewed about their skills and what needs to be done to make them more talented in their work (Tansky Cohen, 2001). In this case, both closed-ended questions and open-ended questions are used to evaluate the employees’ expertise or skills on various areas of performance. Multi-racer assessments This is an assessment method where people who may include managers, colleagues, and in some cases, clients are asked to respond to brief questionnaires about a particular worker, particularly regarding their skills and abilities in work. The worker also completes a similar questionnaire and the final results are tabulated for comparison. Process for Addressing Skill Gaps Skill gaps refer to differences between a compa ny’s current capability situation and the skills it requires in order to achieve its business goals. After identifying the skill gaps through the interventions discussed above, the training professionals in the company work along with the managers to create a plan that will address the matter appropriately. Skill gaps can seriously impact the overall performance of businesses, and therefore, it is necessary for any company to deal with the issue in a proper manner to avoid losing its competitive advantage in the market (Keep, Mayhew Payne, 2006). Following is the process that would be used to address skill gaps in our company. Setting Strategic Direction The first action is to plan about the things that need to be checked and applied. This involves understanding where the business is headed. In this case, the business management body will review the strategic plan and identify the practices that are necessary in helping the business meet its objectives. Skills Analysis Analy sis of the current employees’ skills and abilities for every job carried out in the company. This way, it would be easy to identify the existing skill gaps and the desired action plans. Using the information gathered from the evaluation, it will be easy for the managers and supervisors to come up with an educational program that would effectively address these gaps. Generating an Action Plan Once the gaps have been identified, it is now time for the process of closing the gaps to begin. Here, decisions about key interventions such as training and restructuring are made. Plan Implementation This is the most significant part of the process where the plans generated are applied using the most appropriate actions to enable the company achieve its goals. Approach for Delivering Effective Performance Feed back According to Aguinis, Gottfredson and Joo (2012), effective performance feedback can be achieved by ensuring that the principles of performance management are well aligned to the business strategy. This process begins with the establishment of attainable business goals and linking them to the aspects of higher level of management. Following is a four-point approach that can be used to deliver effective feedback performance in the company. Aim for Self-evaluation Managers should try to establish constant dialogue platforms throughout the year to relieve employees from tensions that tend to accompany unexpected evaluations. In this regard, employees would be aware of their performance weaknesses in time, thus raising them themselves to their managers or supervisors. This helps to reduce the perception that supervisors are being overly critical. Putting the Individual First It is important to establish a safe working environment where people can feel relaxed to express themselves in a free manner. On this note, managers and supervisors should be careful with the way they express themselves to their subordinates. While the use of wrong tone can distort the message being passed, a smart tone will make them more understandable to their subjects. Developing objectives, making accountability explicit, and reinforcing The reviews made should be based on the future and not the past. Managers should try to figure out what is moving on the right direction and what is not and apply the necessary interventions to make improvements. Employees should be well informed of the changes expected from them and how they should go about their tasks. Good communication will also help to establish key objectives in business. Tolerating discord, but being specific Even though it is not easy to avoid conflict, it should not be allowed to get personal. Disagreement makes people turn against each other, thus bearing undesirable outcomes to business. In this regard, it is always good to point out such behaviors and the consequences associated with them. The main aim of performance-oriented communication is to bring people together, not to separate them. Referen ces Aguinis, H., Gottfredson, R., Joo, H. (2012). Delivering effective performance feedback: The strengths-based approach. Business Horizons, 55(2), 105-111. Brown, J. (2002). Training needs assessment: A must for developing an effective training program. Public Personnel Management, 31(4), 569-578. Ferreira, A., Otley, D. (2009). The design and use of performance management systems: An extended framework for analysis. Management Accounting  Research, 20(4), 263-282. Giacalone, R. A., Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2003). Handbook of workplace spirituality and  organizational performance. New York: Me Sharpe. Keep, E., Mayhew, K., Payne, J. (2006). From skills revolution to productivity Miracle – not as easy as it sounds? Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 22(4), 539-559. Tansky, J. W., Cohen, D. J. (2001). The relationship between organizational support, employee development, and organizational commitment: An empirical study.  Human Resource Development Quarterly, 12(3), 285-3 00. This coursework on Limousine Service Company was written and submitted by user Jimena H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

7 Blogging Tips to Make Your English Writing Topics Eye-Catching

7 Blogging Tips to Make Your English Writing Topics Eye-Catching 7 Blogging Tips to Make Your English Writing Topics Eye-Catching PÐ µÃ ¾Ã'€lÐ µ are buÃ'Æ'Ã'â€"ng only Ð ¾nÐ µ thing frÐ ¾m Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u thÐ µ wÐ °Ã'Æ' you are engaging them that mÐ °kÐ µÃ'• thÐ µm feel relaxed as well as joyful. And thÐ µ Ð ¾nlÃ'Æ' way tÐ ¾ bÐ µ considered a master Ã'â€"Ã'• tÐ ¾ gain rÐ µÃ °l Ð µÃ'•tÐ °tÐ µ Ã'â€"n Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur Ã' lÃ'â€"Ð µntÃ'• hearts Ð °nd mÃ'â€"ndÃ'•. We Ð °rÐ µ inundated of much more daily Ã'â€"nfÐ ¾rmÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n thÐ °n Ð ¾ur brÐ °Ã'â€"nÃ'• Ã' Ã °n Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'•Ã'•Ã'â€"blÃ'Æ' hÐ °ndlÐ µ. In Ð ¾rdÐ µr to stand Ð ¾ut and to make people remember your writing, you have tÐ ¾ mÐ °kÐ µ Ð °n Ð µmÐ ¾tÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÐ °l Ã' Ã ¾nnÐ µÃ' tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n, uÃ'•Ã'â€"ng Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur passion Ð °nd personal Ã'•tÐ ¾ries. Start creating a masterpiece with your EnglÃ'â€"Ã'•h wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng topics. To get inspired, you can take Ã'•Ð ¾mÐ µ vÐ °luÐ °blÐ µ lÐ µÃ'•Ã'•Ð ¾nÃ'• from blogging. WrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng an essay or dÃ'â€"Ã'•Ã'•Ð µrtÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ð ¾r any other academic Ã'€Ð °Ã'€Ð µr requirÐ µÃ'• thÐ µ same skills Ð °Ã'• a blÐ ¾g does, Ã'â€"n Ã'•Ð ¾mÐ µ ways. YÐ ¾u have tÐ ¾ sell what you Ð °rÐ µ wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng. YÐ ¾u need tÐ ¾ capture thÐ µ rÐ µÃ °dÐ µr. Here are Ã'•Ð µvÐ µn keys that wÃ'â€"ll mÐ ¾vÐ µ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur writing from juÃ'•t alright, to downright Ð °wÐ µÃ'•Ð ¾mÐ µ. Clarity You have tÐ ¾ be as clear as a Ã' rÃ'Æ'Ã'•tÐ °l Ð °bÐ ¾ut Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur who, what, why Ð °nd how. There is no room for confusion. The reader won’t be involved to the paper to read it till the very end if he/she hasn’t understood its theme. Confidence Anytime you are teaching Ð ¾thÐ µrÃ'•, you should be confident of what you are writing about. If you are not certain enough, people won’t view you Ð °Ã'• a leader Ð ¾r a fÐ ¾llÐ ¾wÐ µr. Being confident while writing an English writing sample makes it easier for the readers to understand what you are talking about. Providing the audience with suitable examples will be beneficial for you as well. Conversation Effective Ã' Ã ¾mmunÃ'â€"Ã' Ã °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n is nÐ ¾t the only Ð ¾nÐ µ way Ã'•trÐ µÃ µt its an interaction between some people discussing the same topic that should be bÐ °Ã' k Ð °nd fÐ ¾rth and a natural flow. EngÐ °gÐ µ, ask questions, gÃ'â€"vÐ µ examples, tÐ µll stories, and ignite a rÐ µlÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÃ'•hÃ'â€"Ã'€ with your reader. Content One of the best ways tÐ ¾ present yourself Ð °Ã'• Ð °n individual Ã'â€"Ã'• tÐ ¾ create a great Ã' Ã ¾ntÐ µnt thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur tÐ °rgÐ µt Ð °udÃ'â€"Ð µnÃ' Ã µ will fÃ'â€"nd valuable. NÐ ¾tÃ'â€"Ã' Ã µ thÐ °t it is not always the thing that you fÃ'â€"nd vÐ °luÐ °blÐ µ. Remember, its nÐ ¾t about Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u. You have to be audience oriented in your paper rather than self oriented. Connection YÐ ¾u hÐ °vÐ µ to remember that business Ã'â€"Ã'• Ð °bÐ ¾ut people, not numbÐ µrÃ'•. ItÃ'• Ð °bÐ ¾ut rÐ µlÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÃ'•hÃ'â€"Ã'€, nÐ ¾t computers. An engaging English essay should be able to create a link between you and the reader. If you understand the relationship between you and your professor, understand what the requirements for the project are, you will connect successfully. Care An awÐ µÃ'•Ð ¾mÐ µ English essay or academic paper shows care. Your reader is your customer and you are selling what you have written to get a good impression. Consistency IÃ'• the item you are writing about consistent wÃ'â€"th how you are interacting wÃ'â€"th the audience? Everything Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u dÐ ¾ Ð µvÐ µrÃ'Æ' Ã'€hÐ ¾nÐ µ call, mÐ µÃ µtÃ'â€"ng, blog Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'•t, Ã'•Ð ¾Ã' Ã'â€"Ð °l Ð µngÐ °gÐ µmÐ µnt Ð °nd personal Ã'â€"ntÐ µrÐ °Ã' tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ã'â€"Ã'• a uniquÐ µ rÐ µÃ'€rÐ µÃ'•Ð µntÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ð ¾f you. ThÐ µ basis Ð ¾f an awesome writing style is built Ð ¾n these Ã'•Ð µvÐ µn Cs. Are you unique? DÐ ¾ you hÐ °vÐ µ something Ã'â€"mÃ'€Ð ¾rtÐ °nt tÐ ¾ offer?

Definition and Examples of Indeterminacy in Language

Definition and Examples of Indeterminacy in Language In linguistics  and literary studies, the term indeterminacy refers to  the instability of meaning, the uncertainty of reference, and the variations in interpretations of grammatical forms and categories  in any  natural language. As David A. Swinney has observed, Indeterminacy exists at essentially every descriptive level of word, sentence, and discourse analysis (Understanding Word and Sentence, 1991). Examples and Observations A basic reason for linguistic indeterminacy is the fact that language is not a logical product, but originates from the conventional practice of individuals, which depends on the particular context of the terms used by them. (Gerhard Hafner, Subsequent Agreements and Practice. Treaties and Subsequent Practice, ed. by Georg Nolte. Oxford University Press, 2013) Indeterminacy in Grammar Clear-cut grammatical categories, rules, etc. are not always attainable, since the system of grammar is arguably subject to gradience. The same considerations apply to the notions of correct and incorrect usage since there are areas where native speakers disagree as to what is grammatically acceptable. Indeterminacy is, therefore, a feature of grammar and usage. Grammarians also speak of indeterminacy in cases where two grammatical analyses of a particular structure are plausible. (Bas Aarts, Sylvia Chalker, and Edmund Weiner, The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2014) Determinacy and Indeterminacy An assumption usually made in syntactic theory and description is that particular elements combine with one another in very specific and determinate ways. . . . This supposed property, that it is possible to give a definite and precise specification of the elements connected to one another and how they are connected, will be referred to as determinacy. The doctrine of determinacy belongs to a broader conception of language, mind, and meaning, which holds that language is a separate mental module, that syntax is autonomous, and that semantics is well-delimited and fully compositional. This broader conception is not however well-founded. Over the last few decades, research in cognitive linguistics has demonstrated that grammar is not autonomous from semantics, that semantics is neither well-delimited nor fully compositional, and that language draws on more general cognitive systems and mental capacities from which it cannot be neatly separated. . . . I suggest that the usual situation is not one of determinacy, but rather indeterminacy (Langacker 1998a). Precise, determinate connections between specific elements represent a special and perhaps unusual case. It is more common for there to be some vagueness or indeterminacy in regard to either the elements participating in grammatical relationships or the specific nature of their connection. Otherwise stated, grammar is basically metonymic, in that the information explicitly coded linguistically does not itself establish the precise connections apprehended by the speaker and hearer in using an expression. (Ronald W. Langacker, Investigations in Cognitive Grammar. Mouton de Gruyter, 2009) Indeterminacy and Ambiguity Indeterminacy refers to . . . the capacity . . . of certain elements to be notionally related to other elements in more than one way . . .. Ambiguity, on the other hand, refers to the failure of an increment to make a distinction which is crucial to the discharge of the speakers present obligations. . . . But if ambiguity is rare, indeterminacy is an all-pervading feature of speech, and one which users are quite accustomed to living with. We might even argue that it is an indispensable feature of verbal communication, allowing for an economy without which language would be impossibly unwieldy. Let us examine two illustrations of this. The first comes from the conversation that was attributed to the friend and the old lady immediately after the latter had asked for a lift: Where does your daughter live? She lives near the Rose and Crown. Here, the reply is obviously indeterminate, as there are any number of public houses of that name, and often more than one in the same town. It creates no problems for the friend, however, because many other factors than the label, including, no doubt, her knowledge of the locality, are taken into account in identifying the place referred to. Had it been a problem, she could have asked: Which Rose and Crown? The everyday use of personal names, some of which may be shared by several acquaintances of both participants, but which are nevertheless usually sufficient to identify the intended individual, provide a similar way indeterminacy is ignored in practice. It is worth noting in passing that, were it not for users tolerance of indeterminacy, every pub and every person would have to be uniquely named! (David Brazil, A Grammar of Speech. Oxford University Press, 1995) Indeterminacy and Optionality [W]hat appears to be indeterminacy may actually reflect optionality in the grammar, i.e., a representation that allows multiple surface realizations of a single construction, such as the choice of relatives in Theres the boy (that/whom/0) Mary likes. In L2A, a learner who accepts John *seeked Fred at Time 1, then John sought Fred at Time 2, might be inconsistent not because of indeterminacy in the grammar, but because the grammar permits both forms optionally. (Observe that optionality in this instance would reflect a grammar that diverges from the English target grammar.) (David Birdsong, Second Language Acquisition and Ultimate Attainment. Handbook of Applied Linguistics, ed. by Alan Davies and Catherine Elder. Blackwell, 2004)

Article Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Article Critique - Essay Example The main concern of the writer in his article is about the scientists community who remained silent and just not putting the whole picture of human induced climate change and issues like global warming and sea level increase in front of the people. Their deliberate silence bring them good fortunes in the form of more research grants. There are pressures from certain quarters on scientists not to report actual situation and affects of climate change on ice sheets and sea level. This article goes on to discuss the climate changes and its affect on ice, ice sheet of Greenland and Western Antarctica, different models of non-linear and linear types to establish scientifically that what is and will be the actual situation if the human induced greenhouse gases emissions goes on. The writer goes on to discuss IPCC business as usual scenarios and different studies and literature on the climate changes to establish scientifically that the concern about ice sheet melting and sea level rise is n ot a hoax but it’s a reality and it is actually not as reported by scientific community but even the more bigger issue. Article goes on to discuss the writer’s personal experiences and his problems of real/ actual situations presentation. Article even goes on to discuss the difference between normal people and scientists and put some moral questions that scientists must have more responsibility to put across the actual pictures of any catastrophies, which will likely to happen in future. In reporting, scientists must take utmost care and their findings should be based on some scientific evidences. Article even goes on to say that for some governmental agencies like IPCC, reticence may be proper but as an individual scientists, they have to more responsible in reporting the effects of greenhouse gases on climate and must come out from their comfort zone and say something based on pure research and evidences. Doing so they may

Why people prefer to choose to eat low-fat food(research paper) Essay

Why people prefer to choose to eat low-fat food(research paper) - Essay Example In the U.S., obesity is almost an epidemic with nearly 65% of the adult population being estimated to be either overweight or obese (Hedley et al., 2004). The rapid economic and social changes that have occurred in China and other developing countries have also been associated with changes in diet, physical activity and health. Higher fat diets, and high incidence of obesity are found among lower-income and rural Chinese as well (Wang et al., 2006). Global availability of cheap vegetable oils and fats is one of the reasons for the observed increase in fat consumption among low-income nations (Drewnowski & Popkin, 1997). Consumption of fast food is associated with higher caloric intake and the excess calories consumed will contribute to obesity, excess sodium intake, and higher saturated fat intake as well (Lin & Frazao, http://findarticles.com). The science of nutrition has changed significantly in recent years, and information on healthy eating, wrong diet and its health effects is readily available in magazine articles. People have more access to the Internet, print media, and TV for nutrition advice than before. Information on the benefits of eating low-fat foods is easily available (www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=51537). Public health initiatives of government institutes also offer information on low-fat foods e.g., the Obesity Education Initiative of the National Heart Lung & Blood Institute in the U.S. (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/lcal_fat.htm). College students are also becoming health-conscious and seek advice from online sources (http:// askville.amazon.com/SimilarQuestions.do?req=low-fat-easy-quick-vegetarian-cookbook-college-student). Several universities too offer healthy eating tips to students online e.g., University of Oregon (http://healthed.uoregon.edu/10tips.htm). In addition to the health benefits, it has become a fashion for many people, even

Drinking Laws Essay -- essays research papers

I. Introduction and Description of Problem (APX 2 PAGES) 1) Statement of the Problem: (5 pts) Eighteen-year olds throughout the United States are considered legal adults in almost every way, with one notable exception: the privilege of having an alcoholic beverage. In every state, eighteen-year olds are legally permitted to drive, live as they choose, and work where they choose. Eighteen-year olds pay taxes as other adults do, are subject to all criminal and civil laws, and are punished, jailed and even executed for crimes they might commit against such laws. They are also permitted to hold most local, state and federal government public offices, and can sponsor and pass new laws if elected. Again, the only exception to complete adult rights is a prohibition against an eighteen-year old buying or enjoying a beer or other type of alcoholic beverage anywhere in the United States. Many countries elsewhere throughout the world have lower drinking ages or no age limitation or prohibition at all on consumption of alcoholic beverages. Interestingly, these countries likewise have lower incidences of abuse, lower death rates in automobile accidents, and lower arrest rates for alcohol-related offenses than in the US. Both Canada and Mexico, as examples, have legal 18-year old drinking age laws, and have abuse indices well below those in the US. Likewise, the Italians, Chinese, German, Austrian, and French have for years allowed for younger adults to purchase and consume alcohol. Again, social and criminal problems among 18-21 year olds in these countries are much smaller in number and severity as opposed to those in the US. Sociological and psychological researchers studying this problem attribute the difference to the various countries’ accepted methods for mentoring â€Å"acceptable† behavior.† Their premise is that we in the US tend to rely on the force of law as a deterrent to bad behavior, rather than our families teaching acceptable behavior (including drinking) in adult settings. Even between states in the US, patterns of alcohol-related injuries point to proof of an age/alcohol bias among our legislators. It has been proven that when two similar jurisdictions (e.g., Wisconsin vs. Illinois in the 1980’s; Vermont vs. Other New England states in the early 1980’s; and New York vs. Quebec in the mid-1980’s), the one with the lower drinking age had a lower rate of al... ...iquor store, gain income from his investment, but be unable to buy something from the store that produces income for him. An 18-year old Army private, sworn to protect the United States from danger and harm and serving in the caves of Afghanistan, might find himself at risk of death to protect a Congressman who would not or could not offer him a â€Å"thank you† drink if he had the chance to do so. Our nation would be better with passage of this bill by recognizing finally that ills of drinking to excess are not limited to those less than 21 years of age. This Bill would make 18-year olds more responsible and less likely to harbor behavior that leads to a host of other social ills and problems. Finally, the Bill would also establish a fund for aiding victims of drunk driving – a cause very much deserving of national attention rather than hyped-up charges of teenage abuse The United States has long recognized that adulthood is sanctioned at 18 years of age for every other reason except our national drinking age. It is time for us to recognize this inequality with a sanctioned study of the consequences and a long-awaited and carefully drafted Bill for lowering the drinking age to 18.

Scariest thing that has happened to me

This essay describes my scariest experience in life which happened two years ago in the second year of my graduation term. The Disclosure The local Red Cross society had organized its half yearly blood camp, choosing our college campus as the venue. I had always an inexplicable apprehension in donating blood, never having donated an ounce before. But on that particular occasion, many of my friends donated blood, which created a kind of social pressure on me to participate in the event. On the last day of the camp, I went ahead and enrolled in the list of donors. It was slight pain and a little weakness, which was more imaginary than real, in my perception. A day later and I was feeling fine as ever. Things followed their usual routine for a couple of weeks and one day when I received an envelope from the Red Cross society, I assumed it to be a note of thanks from them. The shock that the content of that note gave me is still etched vividly in my memory. In just one line it stated that my blood could not be accepted for donation as it was found HIV positive. Sweating and trembling I tried to comprehend the meaning of these words as they kept getting in and out of focus Effect and Impact I’d always thought that ‘earth shifting beneath the feet’ is a figure of speech- at that moment I found how true it could be. There was a sudden sense of collapse and devastation around of my world. My career plan, my friends, my family, my life, my dreams, they all were wiped off by that single line. A moment ago I had years and years of time to achieve all that I had planned, and moment later I had been handed my death sentence. The worst part was I did not know whom to seek counsel. I was seeing myself as an anathema and I was sure the moment anyone hears about my state, I would be pronounced as socially dangerous and put into quarantine. The specter of impending death surrounded my vision and its fear impeded my rational and normal approach in life. I stayed up through next couple of nights, unwilling to waste my remaining days or hours in slumber. I tried not to think about it, but surreal images of my last hours, with me alone and forsaken, kept floating before me. They took a more concrete shape in my dreams, which was another reason for my desire to forsake sleep. There was a continuous hammering inside me all the time-a fear that wanted to tear me from within and come out in open. I fought to keep it inside, and hid my mental agony, suffering and torture from even best of my friends and family. Very soon, the idea of suicide started to appeal me. I argued repeatedly with myself on whether I should await the impending doom or shall I take my destiny in my own hands. But for a person like me who had always loved to live life, suicide had only a conceptual appeal. On many occasions, I took a gun in my hand; or leaned out of our 7th floor apartment, contemplating a jump, and found myself unable to do neither. On these occasions, I experience a surge of such pure anger and frustration that I was scared rather than committing suicide, I could murder someone in this state. Unreasonably though a considerable part of my anger was devoted to Red Cross society itself- if they had not organized the blood donation camp, I had never been brought to face this fearsome situation. After Effects Two weeks later, I was visited by a batch-mate who had secured admission in the medical school. She was surprised at the unkempt state of my apartment- I was known to be finicky about cleanliness- and she deduced as much from my demeanor as by my general state that I was holding something within. Once she forced out truth from me, she led me over to the local hospital for a full body check up-including blood and urine culture. She had refused point blank to accept the results of Red Cross and assured me that mistakes could occur in their analysis. The local hospital had to give its report after two days and those days were the tensest and perhaps scariest in my life-scarier than even all the previous weeks which I had spent under shadow of death. It seemed incredible how my fate was being decided in a hospital laboratory some blocks away, and I could not do anything about it. I did not close my eyes for a moment in the two days, swaying between deepest dejection and slightest hope. Two days later when I received the envelope from the hospital enclosing my reports, I could not bring myself to open it and read it. There in my hand was my statement of life or death and I was mortally afraid to take a sneak in it. It was for hours that I kept it clutched in my hands, unable to bring myself to see its content. In the evening my friend visited me again, specifically to know the result of tests. She took the report from me and as she was about to open it, I turned away from, unable to withstand the tension and the probable expression of doom on her face. For several second she did not speak and I felt I would implode-the tension was unbearable for me to withstand. Then she tapped me and said â€Å"Sorry to disappoint you.. but you are as HIV negative as one possibly can be! †

John Collier and the Indian New Deal Essay - 2960 Words

John Collier and the Indian New Deal At the beginning of the 20th century, Native American culture was on the edge of extinction. Indians were at the bottom of the economic ladder. They had the lowest life expectancy rate, the highest infant mortality rate, the highest suicide rate and the highest rate of alcoholism than any other group in America. The Meriam Report of 1928, an 872-page study, laid the blame at the foot of the Federal Government. When President Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office 1933, a series of major reforms were implemented that would later come to be known as the â€Å"Indian New Deal†. An important chapter in contemporary Native American history was about to begin. This essay will outline the major elements of the†¦show more content†¦Taking his first step toward reform, Collier convinced President Roosevelt to abolish the Board of Indian Commissioners, an agency created during the Grant Administration to oversee the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The board long dominated by supporters of land allotment and assimilation policies, was a major obstacle to reform. Elimination of the agency was a deft political maneuver that allowed Collier a freer hand in implementing Indian New Deal policies. Soon thereafter, Collier pushed through Congress the Pueblo Relief Act of 1933. The measure provided additional payments to Pueblos and settlers who were inadequately compensated by the Pueblo Land Act of 1924. This marked a successful conclusion to a battle Collier had fought in previous years and the first of many legislative triumphs. As outlined in the Meriam Report of 1928, reservations in Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Montana and Washington were in dire need of conservation programs. Responding to these problems, Collier and Congress established the Indian Emergency Conservation Work (IECW) program, which provided $5.9 million dollars for the establishment of seventy-two work camps on over 30 reservations. The program employed Native Americans during the worst of the depression while at the same time allowing them to stay close to their families. With the support of the President firmlyShow MoreRelatedEssay on American Indians and World War II1345 Words   |  6 PagesCitizenship Act and the Indian New Deal. Alison R. Bernstein examines how the Second World War affected the status and lives of Native Americans in American Indians and World War II: Toward a New Era in Indian Affairs. Bernstein argues that natives’ experiences in the military and munitions factories reduced isolation by getting them off of reservations and increasing their contact with mainstream American society. Native American contributions to the war effort led both Indians and whites to reconsiderRead MoreIndian Reorganization Act of 19341466 Words   |  6 PagesThe Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, also known as the Wheeler Howard Act or the IRA, had a major impact on the everyday lives of Native American Tribes that were scattered across the United states. The Indian Reorganization Act provided the means and tools for tribes to form their o wn governments and constitutions. The IRA stopped the general allotment act that was put into effect by the Dawes of 1887. The Indian Reorganization Act granted the Secretary of Interior a tremendous amount of powerRead MoreThe New Deal And World War II994 Words   |  4 PagesThe New Deal and World War II both had an effect on race relations in the American West. President Roosevelt’s New Deal was an attempt to fix the hardships of the Great Depression. The Great Depression brought about a change in ideology and opinion that made the New Deal possible because of public support to fix the burdens felt by many Americans, not just whites. World War II brought fear, intolerance and increased racism toward minority groups in the West, specifically Japanese and Hispanic. ClassRead MoreThe Era Of Franklin D. Roosevelt And The Civil Rights Movement1251 Words   |  6 PagesMany programs put in during Roosevelt’s administration never provided the same success for minorities that their white counterparts achieved. Still, FDR’s administration laid out multiple plans for minorities to achieve future success and equality. As new incentives with housing, industry, and civil rights tries to improve the lives’ of Latinos, Blacks, and Native Americans. To begin with, in Richard Polenberg’s The Era of Franklin D. Roosevelt there are six documents that are presented that provideRead MoreEssay on The Importance of the New Deal in the 1920s666 Words   |  3 PagesThe first look at the New Deal was to seek for an economic improvement of multiple working efforts towards relief aid, and towards recovery. The second look at the New Deal was focused towards many depression hit farmers, industrial workers of all races and trade unionist. In the 1920s there was many issues that were in need of resolution. Issues that were pressing such as effected individuals from The Great Depression. The civilian conservation corps was established in order to provide jobsRead MoreThe Louisiana Purchase1215 Words   |  5 Pagesreasons; to protect the citizens’ of the United States right to trade through the Port of New Orleans, to ensure that the British did not establish a new colony in the new land, and to allow the United States’ farmers and merchants to move westward. In 1682, the French discovered a large piece of land in North America which they named Louisiana after their king, King Louis XVI. Following the French and Indian War, King Louis XVI thought this land was a useless piece of uncharted wilderness. The kingRead MoreThe Removal Of The Indian Removal Act Of 18301820 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that the benevolent policy of the Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is approaching to a happy consummation. Two important tribes have accepted the provision made for their removal at the last session of Congress, and it is believed that their example will induce the remaining tribes also to seek the same obvious advantages.† (Jackson, 1830) This quote from PresidentRead MoreJames Cooks Contribution to the Development of the British Empire5375 Words   |  22 Pagesthe 18th century when James Cook, originally a poor farm boy, explored and mapped vast uncharted areas of the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean. However, James Cook was not ‘only an explorer. He can also be called a scientist Ââ€" he managed to introduce new principles into seafaring and cartography. For better understanding, the paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which throws light on the purpose and structure of the paper. Read More The Life and Contribution to the Development of the British Empire of James Cook5135 Words   |  21 Pagesthe 18th century when James Cook, originally a poor farm boy, explored and mapped vast uncharted areas of the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean. However, James Cook was not ‘only’ an explorer. He can also be called a scientist – he managed to introduce new principles into seafaring and cartography. For better understanding, the paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which throws light on the purpose and structure of the paper. The second chapter is a brief introductionRead MoreImpact Of Colonialist Values On Perceptions Of Native Americans1556 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of Colonialist Values on Perceptions of Native Americans in Green Grass, Running Water Green Grass, Running Water by Thomas King largely deals with the consequences of the conflict between Native American values and colonialist foundations. In particular, King examines the reasons behind the misconceptions and false perceptions of aboriginal people within the dominant European North American culture. In the novel it is asserted that the problems of the Native American people are due to